Flechtenbilder (R)

Ramalina-baltica-100626 Ramalina baltica Lettau
On deciduous trees.
Thallus 2-5 cm long; lobes 2-5 mm wide, often wedge-shaped to the base; soralia marginal and laminal. No spot reactions.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
(Identified by Eichler/Cezanne).
Ramalina-bourgeana-7356 Ramalina bourgeana Mont. ex Nyl.
On coastal rocks. A common species.
Thallus rigid, erected; lobes 1-15 cm long and 0.5-7 cm wide, not linear; upper surface usually reticulately ridged; without soralia or pseudocyphellae; lower side only weakly ridged; chondroid cylinder not existing, but chondroid strands imbedded in the medulla (bourgaeana type); apothecia often numerous; disc up to 1 cm diameter, flat to concave; margin crenate. A very variable species.
Portugal: Madeira
Ramalina-calicaris-3914 Ramalina calicaris (L.) Fr.
Corticolous; on fruiting trees.
Thallus 5-10 cm, ± pendend; lobes branched, up to 3 mm wide, channelled, texture horny; apothecia common, subterminal, ± marginal.
Portugal: Madeira.
(700 m above sea level).
Ramalina-canariensis-4445 Ramalina canariensis Steiner
Corticolous; on deciduous trees.
Thallus consists of one or few laciniae (1-4 mm broad), longitudinally ridged from raised chondroid strands, uneven and pitted; soralia parietal, sometimes leading to separation of upper and lower tissue layers; apothecia subapical.
Portugal: Algarve.
Ramalina-capitata-8531 Ramalina capitata (Ach.) Nyl.
On basaltic rocks.
Thallus fructicose (2-3 cm tall), cushion-like; lobes erect, flattened, with apical, +- globose soredia (brighter than the lobes). No spot reactions.
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse: Rhön montains.
Ramalina-chondrina-5646a Ramalina chondrina Steiner
On twigs of deciduous trees (Laurisilva).
Thallus resembles to Usnea (but without a central medullary cord), up to 20 x 10 cm; lobes filamentous, terete, apices nodulose and hook-shaped (see small image), dichotomously branched, green-grey, but often partly black with a reddish border (see small image); pseudocyphellae and soralia lacking; apothecia rare (see small image). Spot reactions negative.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Ramalina-chondrina-5646b Ramalina chondrina Steiner
Ramalina-cupularis-1987 Ramalina cupularis Krog & James
Saxicolous; on volcanic rocks.
Thallus 4 cm; lobes linear, ± flat, 1-6 mm wide; upper surface usually reticulately ridged; without soralia or pseudocyphellae; lower side only weakly ridged; chondroid cylinder not existing but chondroid strands imbedded in the medulla (burgaeana type); cortex thick (50 µm); apothecia common; disc deeply concave when young, becoming flat later; margin smooth to weakly ridged. Very similar to R. bourgaeana, but lobes linear to sublinear.
Portugal: Porto Santo.
(700 m above sea level).
Ramalina-decipiens-5534 Ramalina decipiens Mont.
Saxicolous; on basaltic rocks.
Thallus pendulous to ± ascending, 5-12 cm long; lobes  4-8 mm wide, occasionally branched and with short marginal lobule, ± flat, often longitudinally striated; short pseudocyphellae near the base, longitudinal, inconspicuous; soralia absent; apothecia common, disc concave at first, later becoming flat, often radially split; margin crenate occasionally.
Spain: Canary islands (La Gomera).
(500-1000 m above sea level).
Ramalina-decipiens-5515 Ramalina decipiens Mont.
Ramalina-duriaei-5483 Ramalina duriaei (de Not.) Bagl.
Corticulous; on freestanding deciduous trees.
Thallus up to 10 cm long; lobes branched, solid, flat, 3 mm wide, smooth to reticulately ridged; soralia usually marginal (but also laminal occasionally); chondroid tissue absent, therefore thallus soft; apothecia not seen.
Portugal: Madeira.
(1550 m above sea level).
Ramalina-farinacea-091002 Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach.
Corticolous; on deciduous trees; not rare.
Thallus branches rather narrow (up to 3 mm wide, up to 5 cm long); Upper and lower surface of the same colour and shape (difference to Evernia prunastri); Soralia disc like to oval, along the margins of the branches. Soralia often P+ red.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Ramalina-fastigiata-Kalock Ramalina fastigiata (Pers.) Ach.
Corticolous; on deciduous trees; rare.
Thallus shrubby, up to 5 cm, lobes 2-4 mm wide, subterete, longitudinally furrowed; soralia / pseudocyphellae absent; chondroid cylinder continuous (farinacea type); apothecia common, apical (difference to R. fraxinea which has laminal apothecia).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Ramalina-fraxinea-7533 Ramalina fraxinea (L.) Ach.
Corticolous; on deciduous trees; ± rare.
Thallus without soralia and isidia. Apothecia laminal or marginal (difference to P. fastigiata). No spot reactions.
Central Europe: Germany.
Ramalina-fraxinea-040416 Ramalina fraxinea (L.) Ach.
Ramalina-implectens-2724 Ramalina implectens Nyl.
Corticolous; an freestanding deciduous trees.
Thallus erect to subpendulous, up to 10 cm; lobes smooth, linear, branched, 0.5-3 mm wide, flat or terete, with tapering tips; soralia absent, pseudocyphellae inconspicuous; chonroid cylinder continuous (farinacea type); apothecia numerous, marginal (not at the ends of lobes).
Portugal: Madeira.
450 m above sea level.
Ramalina-pitardii-5554 Ramalina pitardii Hue
On volcanic rocks.
Thallus up to 3 cm; lobes up to 3 mm wide ± terete, hollow, unevenly inflated, fenestrate; soralia absent; apothecia numerous, apical to subapical, often spurred. No spot reactions.
Spain: Canary Islands: La Gomera (endemic).
Ramalina-pluviariae-5492 Ramalina pluviariae Krog & Östhagen
Saxicolous; on basaltic rocks.
Thallus erect, up to 5-7 cm, rigid, densely dichtomously or irregular branched; lobes up to 1 mm wide, ± terete; pseudocyphellae spindle-shaped to elongate; apothecia lateral. Spot reactions negative.
Spain; Canary Islands: Lanzarote.
Ramalina-pollinaria-8122 Ramalina pollinaria (Westr.) Ach.
On silicatic rocks, sometimes corticolous.
Soralia ulcerose, ± laminal.  Thallus P- (difference to R. farinacea).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Ramalina-pollinaria-CE7240 Ramalina pollinaria (Westr.) Ach.
Ramalina-polymorpha-5276a Ramalina polymorpha (Ach.) Ach.
On well lit and warm volcanic rocks.
Thallus ascending; lobes (laciniae) solid, > 1 mm wide, flattened, longitudinally grooved, branched; soralia apical; soredia rough (not farinose). No spot reactions.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Ramalina-pusilla Ramalina pusilla Le Prev. ex Duby
Corticolous; on deciduous trees (Laurisilva); rare.
Thallus up to 5 cm; lobes 1-6 mm wide, cylindrical, hollow, swollen, fenestrated and longitudinally cracked; often with black patches; Chondroid cylinder continuous (farinacea type); soralia / pseudocyphellae absent; apothecia apical.
Portugal: Madeira.
Ramalina-requienii-5517 Ramalina requienii (de Not.) Jatta
Saxicolous; on basaltic rocks; influenced by the coast.
Thallus 5 cm, brownish near the base; lobes solid, flat, weakly ridged, up to 4 mm broad, ends finely divided; cortex thick, 50 µm; some of the chondroid strands contact the cortex, others are imbedded in the medulla (bourgaeana type); granular soralia marginal.
Portugal: Madeira.
(400 m above sea level).
Ramalina-subgeniculata Ramalina subgeniculata Nyl.
Corticolous; on deciduous trees (Laurisilva).
Thallus shrubby, 1-5 cm high; lobes up to 2 mm wide, longitudinally furrowed, perforate and fenestrate; without pseudocyphellae and soralia; apothecia frequent, apical, subapical and lateral, often spurred.
Portugal: Madeira.
Ramalina-subpusilla-1547 Ramalina subpusilla (Nyl.) Krog & Swinscow
Corticolous; on deciduous trees (Laurisilva).
Thallus < 2 cm; lobes hollow, up to 0.8 mm wide, mainly terete, weakly perforate; chondroid tissue forms a continuous cylinder (farinacea type); apothecia common, spurred, apical to subapical.
Portugal: Madeira.
(850 m above sea level).
Ramonia-interjecta-7469 Ramonia interjecta Coppins
On twigs of Sambucus racemosa.
Thallus inconspicuous, reduced to a collar surrounding the apothecia; apothecia tiny (up to 0.6 mm diam.), deeply sunk in (urceolate; resembling apothecia of some Solorina species).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
(Coll/ident: Eichler/Cezanne).
Rhizocarpon-distinctum-CE4101 Rhizocarpon distinctum On volcanic rocks (diabas).
Thallus brown, consisting of convex areoles; apothecia up to 0.5 mm; disc black; margin persistent, darker at the periphery, inner part paler. Medulla K+ yellow, Pd+ yellow.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
(Coll/ident: Eichler/Cezanne).
Rhizocarpon-geographicum-01 Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC.
On siliceous rocks, common.
Thallus areolate, often mosaic-forming; areoles delimited by a black hypothallus; apothecia black, irregular in shape, up to 1.5 mm diam., sitting between the areoles. Medulla K-, KC and C red (or no reaction), Pd+ orange-red (or no reaction); UV bright orange.
Austria: Alps.
Germany: Hesse.
Sweden.
Rhizocarpon-geographicum-02 Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC.
Rhizocarpon-lecanorinum-6001 Rhizocarpon lecanorinum Anders
On siliceous rocks.
Thallus areolate, sorrounded by a black prothallus; areoles yellow-greenish, arc-shaped (areoles of R. geographicum are not arc-forming); apothecia black, up to 1 mm diam., usually one per areole; spores brown, muriform (28 x 14 µm). Medulla K+ yellow, Pd+ orange.
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse: Rhoen Mountains.
Rhizocarpon-lecanorinum-110802 Rhizocarpon lecanorinum Anders
Rhizocarpon-obscuratum-6091 Rhizocarpon obscuratum (Ach.) Massal.
On volcanic rocks (diabas).
Thallus grey, areolate; apothecia innate, later sessile, up to 1 mm; margin persistent, thick. No spot reactions.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
(Coll/ident: Eichler/Cezanne).
Rhizocarpon-petraeum Rhizocarpon petraeum (Wulfen) Massal.
On volcanic rocks (diabas).
Thallus white, areolate; apothecia not rising above the thallus surface, often arranged ± concentric; margin not disappearing with age.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
(Coll/ident: Eichler/Cezanne).
Rhizocarpon-plicatile-5745 Rhizocarpon plicatile (Leighton) Sm.
Thallus areolate; apothecia  up to 0.8 mm, flat, later convex, apruinose; margin persistent.Medulla K+ red, C-, Pd+ yellow.
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse.
Rinodina-archaea Rinodina archaea (Ach.) Arnold
Corticolous; on Fraxinus excelsior; ± rare.
Thallus thick, nodular to bulbous; apothecia close to each other, then often with flattened margins, 0.4-0.9 mm diam.; margin lecanorine, projecting, permanent. Spot reactions negative.
Central Europe; Switzerland: Alps.
Rinodina-bischoffii-8303 Rinodina bischoffii (Hepp) A. Massal.
On calcareous rocks.
Thallus thin or endolithic; apothecia up to 1 mm; disc flat to slightly convex; rim lighter than disc in the beginning, later concolorous with disc or disapperaring. Spot reactions negative.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Rinodina-colobina-6662 Rinodina colobina (Ach.) Frey
On eutrophicated bark (e.g. Populus spec.).
Thallus crustose, sorediate; soralia punctiforme in the beginning, later confluenting and covering the whole thallus; apothecia not very common, disc black, ± flat; margin grey, not sorediate; ascospores not sculptured. No spot reactions.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Rinodina-lecanorina-6662 Rinodina lecanorina (Massal.) Massal.
On calcareous rocks.Thallus thick, areolate, grey, dark grey, brownish; apothecia 0.5 to 1 mm diam.; immersed; disc black, flat, without a pruina.No spot reactions.Central Europe; Germany: Hesse (Coll/ident: Eichler/Cezanne).
Rinodina-pityrea-7583 Rinodina pityrea Ropin & Mayrhofer
On eutropicated barks (e.g. Populus).
Thallus consisting of small, dark granules, often covering areas from some square decimeters, sometimes ± fissured.; apothecia rare, 0.4-0.5 mm diameter, disc blackish, margins paler. No spot reactions.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Rinodina-pyrina-Solms1850 Rinodina pyrina (Ach.) Arnold
Thallus cracked, effusive; apothecia - 0.4 mm, discs flat to slightly convex, margins distinct, lecanorine. No spot reactions.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Collected by Graf zu Solms, 1860!
(Identified by Eichler & Cezanne).
Roccella-allorgei Roccella allorgei des Abb.
Saxicolous; on coastal rocks.
Branches rounded (but often flat at the axils), smooth, not pruinose; soralia tubercle-like; apothecia not seen. Cortex C+ red, soralia C+ red, external medulla C-; branch tips K+ reddish.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella allorgei 2765 Roccella allorgei des Abb.   Nr. 2765
Saxicolous; on coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella allorgei 193a Roccella allorgei des Abb.   Nr. 193
Saxicolous; on coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella allorgei 193 BB21mm Roccella allorgei des Abb.   Nr. 193
Saxicolous; on coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella allorgei 6329a Roccella allorgei des Abb.   Nr. 6329
Saxicolous; on coastal rocks.
Portugal; Madeira: Ponta de Sao Lourenco.
Roccella allorgei 6329b Roccella allorgei des Abb.   Nr. 6329
Saxicolous; on coastal rocks.
Portugal; Madeira: Ponta de Sao Lourenco.
 Roccella allorgei Madeira Roccella allorgei des Abb.
My records from Madeira.
Roccella-canariensis Roccella canariensis Darb.
On coastal rocks.
Thallus up to 20 cm; branches rounded (but angular in parts), smooth when young, rough with age; soralia absent; apothecia 1-3 mm in diam., rounded, disc grey, pruinose. Cortex C-; ascomata-pruina C+ red; external medulla C+ red.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Roccella canariensis 3028 Roccella canariensis Darb.  Nr. 3028
On coastal rocks.
Thallus up to 20 cm; branches rounded (but angular in parts), smooth when young, rough with age; soralia absent; apothecia 1-3 mm in diam., rounded, disc grey, pruinose. Cortex C-; ascomata-pruina C+ red; external medulla C+ red.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella canariensis 6263 Roccella canariensis Darb.  Nr. 6263
On coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
 Roccella canariensis Madeira Roccella canariensis Darb. 
My records from Madeira.
 Roccella elisbethae 3381 Roccella elisabethae Tehler   Nr. 3381
On coastal rocks.
Thallus up to 5 cm; branches terete (to slightly flattened in parts); holdfast black and white; soralia present; apothecia absent. Cortex C+ red, K-; soralia C+ red, K-; external medulla C-; branch tips K-.
Portugal; Madeira-E: Ponta de Sao Lourenco.
Roccella elisabethae 6549 Roccella elisabethae Tehler   Nr. 6549
On volcanic rocks (n-exposed wall).
Portugal; Madeira-NW: s of Porto Moniz, n of Lamaceiros.
 Roccella elisabethae Madeira Roccella elisabethae Tehler
My records from Madeira.
Roccella-fuciformis-6551 Roccella fuciformis (L.) DC.
On coastal rocks.
Thallus up to 30 cm, pendent; branches flat (strap-shaped), smooth, pruinose; soralia tubercle-like, sometimes confluenting, laminal and marginal; apothecia not seen. Cortex C-, soralia C+ red, external medulla C-. UV+ glaucous.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella-fuciformis-02 Roccella fuciformis (L.) DC.
Roccella fuciformis 6326 Roccella fuciformis (L.) DC.   Nr. 6326
On coastal rocks.
Branches +- rounded near the holdfast but  flat (strap-shaped) towards the tips, smooth, pruinose; soralia tubercle-like, sometimes confluenting, laminal and marginal; holdfast black and white. Cortex C-, soralia C+ red, external medulla C-, medulla J+ blue.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella fuciformis 6326a Roccella fuciformis (L.) DC.   Nr. 6326
On coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
 Roccella fuciformis Madeira Roccella fuciformis (L.) DC. 
My records from Madeira.
Roccella-maderensis Roccella maderensis (J. Steiner) Follmann   Nr. 3864
On coastal rocks.
Thallus up to 30 cm, pendent; branches flat (strap-shaped), smooth; soralia tubercle-like, sometimes confluenting, mainly marginal; apothecia not seen. Cortex K+ yellow, C+ red (R. fuciformis K-, C-); soralia C+ red, external medulla C-.
Portugal: Madeira.
 Roccella maderensis 3864b Roccella maderensis (J. Steiner) Follmann   Nr. 3864
On coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
 Roccella maderensis 2179 Roccella maderensis (J. Steiner) Follmann   Nr. 2179
On coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella maderensis 6264 Roccella maderensis (J. Steiner) Follmann   Nr. 6264
On coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
 Roccella maderensis 8198a Roccella maderensis (J. Steiner) Follmann   Nr. 8198
On coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella maderensis 8198a Roccella maderensis (J. Steiner) Follmann  Nr. 8198
On coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella maderensis 8198b Roccella maderensis (J. Steiner) Follmann   Nr. 8198
On coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
 Roccella maderensis Madeira Roccella maderensis (J. Steiner) Follmann 
My records from Madeira.
Roccella-phycopsis Roccella phycopsis (Ach.) Ach.
On coastal rocks.
Thallus up to 5 cm, ± erect, branches rounded (sometimes weakly flattened), smooth, pruinose; medulla in the holdfast yellow; soralia tubercle-like to globose (up to 2 mm in diam.). Cortex C+ red, soralia C- or C+ red, external medulla C-; branch tips K-; UV+ glaucous.
Portugal; Madeira: Ponta de Sao Lourenco.
Roccella phycopsis 1988 Roccella phycopsis (Ach.) Ach.   Nr. 1988
On coastal rocks.
Portugal; Madeira: Ponta de Sao Lourenco.
 Roccella phycopsis 3382 Roccella phycopsis (Ach.) Ach.   Nr. 3382
On coastal rocks.
Portugal; Madeira: Ponta de Sao Lourenco.
 Roccella phycopsis Madeira Roccella phycopsis (Ach.) Ach.
My records from Madeira.
Roccella tinctoria Roccella tinctoria DC.   Nr. 3378
On coastal rocks.
Thallus up to 15 cm; branches rounded; upper surface smooth, bright in part; soralia rounded, flat; apothecia not seen. Cortex K-, C-; soralia K-, C+ red, external medulla K-,  C+ red.
Portugal; Madeira: Ponta de Sao Lourenco.
 Roccella tinctoria 7375 Roccella tinctoria DC.   Nr. 7575
On volcanic rocks.
Thallus up to 12 cm; branches rounded (but here and there angular), upper surface rough; soralia whitish; apothecia not seen. Cortex C-; soralia C+ red; external medulla C+ red.
Cabo Verde; Santo Antão; Agriões.
 Rocella tinctoria Madeira Roccella tinctoria DC.
My records from Madeira.
Roccella-tuberculata Roccella tuberculata Vainio
On coastal rocks.
Thallus up to 10 cm; branches rounded but here and there angular; upper surface smooth to rough; soralia white, rounded, sometimes confluenting; holdfast yellow; apothecia not seen. Cortex C-; soralia C-; external medulla C+ red.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Portugal: Madeira.
Roccella tuberculata 3349 Roccella tuberculata Vainio
On coastal rocks.
Portugal: Madeira.
 Roccella tuberculata Madeira Roccella tuberculata Vainio
My records from Madeira.
Romjularia-lurida-6808 Romjularia lurida (Ach.) Timdal
On calcareous soils and rocks.
Thallus consisting of rounded squamules (up to 5 mm wide); surface convex; apothecial disc dark brown to black (up to 1.5 mm diam.), convex; margins soon disappearing. No spot reactions. (The similar Solenopsora holephaea has a persistent apothecial margin and is found on non-calcareous substrata).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
(Coll/ident. Eichler/Cezanne).
Ropalospora-viridis-8950a Ropalospora viridis (Tønsberg) Tønsberg
On bark of young Acer pseudoplatanus.
Thallus pale greenish; green to yellow-green; soralia developping in the center; margin consists of non-sorediate convex areoles. No spot reactions. UV+ bluish-white.
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse: Taunus mountains (Wispertal).
Ropalospora-viridis-8950b Ropalospora viridis (Tønsberg) Tønsberg
On the bark of youn Acer pseudoplatanus.
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse: Taunus mountains (Wispertal).
Ropalospora-viridis-8950c Ropalospora viridis (Tønsberg) Tønsberg
On the bark of youn Acer pseudoplatanus.
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse: Taunus mountains (Wispertal).
Ropalospora-viridis-Ute120602 Ropalospora viridis (Tønsberg) Tønsberg
On the bark of deciduous trees (Fagus sylvatica).
Thallus pale greenish; green to yellow-green; soralia developping in the center; margin consists of non-sorediate convex areoles. No spot reactions. UV+ bluish-white.
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse.
Roplaospora-viridis-130202Kalock Ropalospora viridis (Tønsberg) Tønsberg
Rufoplaca-subpallida-160903 Rufoplaca subpallida  (Magnusson) Arup, Søchting & Frödén
On a cemetery wall (siliceous rocks). Not collected.
Thallus rimose-areolate; pale to dark grey, epruinose; apothecia zeorine, numerous, sessile, round to angular and flexuose, 0.1–0.7 mm diam.; disc slightly concave to flat, orange to dark orange; margin persistent, smooth, paler than disc; asci 8-spored, spores polarilocular. Apothecia K+ red.
Central Europe; Germany; Hesse: Taunus mountains (Espenschied).
(Ident by D. Teuber).