Flechtenbilder (S)

Sarcogyne pruinosa 9776a Sarcogyne pruinosa (Schaer.) Massal.  (9776)
(syn. S. regularis Körber).
On calcareous rocks (Devon).
Thallus inconspicuous, grey, often disappearing; apothecia up to 1.5 mm; disc black (dark red when wet), usually covered with a bluish-grey pruina (not visible when wet); margin black, entire (rarely slightly crenulate), excluded with age;  epithecium brown; hymenium colourless (88 µm); hypothecium -+ colourless; asci multispored (<100); photobiont chlorococcoid.   No spot reactions. Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
 Sarcogyne pruinosa 9776b Sarcogyne pruinosa (Schaer.)  Massal.   (9776)
(syn. S. regularis Körber).
On calcareous rocks (Devon).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
 Sarcogyne pruinosa 9776c Sarcogyne pruinosa (Schaer.)  Massal.   (9776)
(syn. S. regularis Körber).
On calcareous rocks (Devon).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
 Sarcogyne pruinosa Mikroskop  Sarcogyne pruinosa (Schaer.)  Massal.   (9776)
(syn. S. regularis Körber).
On calcareous rocks (Devon).
Microscopic details.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Sarcogyne-regularis-7470-01 Sarcogyne regularis Körber
On calcareous rocks (Zechstein).
Thallus inconspicuous, grey, often disappearing; apothecia up to 1.5 mm; disc black (dark red when wet), usually covered with a bluish-grey pruina (not visible when wet); margin black, entire (rarely slightly crenulate), excluded with age. No spot reactions.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Sarcogyne-regularis-6661 Sarcogyne regularis Körber
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Sarcosagium-campestre-6643 Sarcosagium campestre Poetsch & Schiederm.
On calcareous soil.
Thallus grey to grey-green; apothecia barrel-shaped, 0.1-0.5 mm diam.; disc rose to brown-red (translucent and paler when wet); margin concolorous with disc. No spot reactions. The species is very inconspicuous and may be detected only when wet (in this case the apothecia become more conspicuous).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Schismatomma-decolorans-CE7134 Schismatomma decolorans (Turner & Borrer ex Sm.) Clauzade & Vezda
On deciduous trees.
Thallus thin, rimose, often with a grey-black prothallus (see photo); soralia punctiform at firtst, becoming confluent with age. No spot reactions.
Central Europe: Germany.
(Coll/ident: Eichler/Cezanne).
Scoliciosporum-chlorococcum-7890 Scoliciosporum chlorococcum (Grewe ex Stenham) Vezda
On bark of free standing deciduous trees (e.g. Malus).
Thallus resembles free living green algae: granular. Apothecia very small (0.2-0.5 mm diameter), disc convex, dark red brown to blackish, ± shiny, without margin. No spot reactions. (Strangospora pinicola is similar but lacks the deep green thallus).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Scoliciosporum-umbrinum-8041 Scoliciosporum umbrinum (Ach.) Arnold
On  a memorial (siliceous rock).
Thallus very variable; apothecia 0.3-0.8 mm diam.; margin usually disapperaring but sometimes persisting; ascospores spirally twisted. No spot reactions.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Seirophora-scorigena-6767g Seirophora scorigena (Mont.) Fröden
On coastal volcanic rocks.
Thallus consisting of well delimited cushions (up to 2 cm diam.), adpressed to the substratum; lobes semiglobose, with fine hairs; without rhizines; apothecia 1-2 mm diam., laminal to subterminal, ± stalked. Yellow parts K+ red.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Seirophora-scorigena-150115-04a Seirophora scorigena (Mont.) Fröden
syn. Teloschistes scorigenus.
On coastal volcanic rocks.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Seirophora-scorigena-6767 Seirophora scorigena (Mont.) Fröden
syn. Teloschistes scorigenus.
On coastal volcanic rocks.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Seirophora-villosa-01 Seirophora villosa (Ach.) Fröden
On coastal rocks.
Lobes flattened, tomentose; lower surface paler, slightly channelled; thallus of very different shape. Cortex K-, apothecial disc K+ purple.
Spain; Canary Islands: Lanzarote.
Seirophora-villosa Seirophora villosa (Ach.) Fröden
syn. Teloschistes villosus.
Spain; Canary Islands: Lanzarote.
Seirophora-villosa-8686 Seirophora villosa (Ach.) Fröden
syn. Teloschistes villosus.
On a basaltic wall.
Spain; Canary Islands: Lanzarote.
Seirophora-villosa-8686a Seirophora villosa (Ach.) Fröden
syn. Teloschistes villosus.
On a basaltic wall.
Spain; Canary Islands: Lanzarote.
Solenopsora-candicans-6647 Solenopsora candicans (Dickson) Steiner
On calcareous rocks (Zechstein).
Thallus chalky white, pruinose, large (up to 5 cm diam.), rosette-forming, placodioid, shortly radiating, cracked near the centre; lobes widening towards the ends; apothecia up to 1 mm diam.; disc black, pruinose; margin thalline thick but becoming often excluded with age. Thallus K-, Pd+ orange. (Resmembles to Diploica canescens but the latter is sorediate and K+ yellow).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Solenopsora candicans 9760a Solenopsora candicans (Dickson) Steiner  (9760)
On calcareous rocks (Zechstein).
Thallus chalky white, pruinose, large (up to 5 cm diam.), rosette-forming, placodioid, shortly radiating, cracked near the centre; lobes widening towards the ends; apothecia up to 1 mm diam.; disc black, pruinose; margin thalline thick but becoming often excluded with age. Thallus K-, Pd+ orange. (Resmembles to Diploica canescens but the latter is sorediate and K+ yellow).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Solenopsora candicans 9760b Solenopsora candicans (Dickson) Steiner  (9760)
On calcareous rocks (Zechstein).
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Solenopsora-holophaea-5525-01 Solenopsora holophaea (Mont.) G. Samp.
On basaltic rocks.
Thallus brown, consisting of overlapping small squamules/lobes (up to 3 mm wide), edges ± raised; apothecia common, disc dark brown-blackish, flat when young, becoming convex with age, margin lecanorine, disappearing when old; spores 1-septate (14 x 4 µm), ellipsoid-elongate; lower surface tan, with scattered rhizines. No spot reactions.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Palma, La Gomera.
Solenopsora-holophaea Solenopsora holophaea (Mont.) G. Samp.
Solorina-saccata-0510 Solorina saccata (L.) Ach.
On calcareous soils.
Thallus green, often pruinose; lobe ends rounded; underside white, tomentose, veins unconspicuous; rhizines rare; apothecia common, up to 5 mm diameter, sunk into the thallus. No spot reactions.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Austria: Alps (in high altitudes).
Sphaerophorus-fragilis-4988 Sphaerophorus fragilis (L.) Pers.
On acid rocks.
Thallus tufted (up to 4 cm); branches all of similar width (difference to S. globosus); apothecia very rare. Medulla without spot reactions (also no J-reaction: S. globosus J+ blue).
Sweden: Dalarna.
Sphaerophorus-globosus-01 Sphaerophorus globosus (Huds.) Vain.
On Erica arborea.
Thallus shrubby, 1-5 cm, ± erect; main branches rounded, much wider than secondary branches, with numerous short, digitate branchlets, often appearing coralloid; apothecia apical, in globose swellings (the specimen shown here is sterile). Medulla K-, C-, Pd-, J+ blue.
Portugal:Madeira.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Sphaerophorus-globosus-8147 Sphaerophorus globosus (Huds.) Vain.
(with globose apothecia).
Portugal:Madeira.
Squamarina-cartilaginea-6334-01 Squamarina cartilaginea (With.) P. James
On basaltic rocks, in shady environments.
Thallus squamulose; squamules greenish yellow, thick, overlapping, pruinose (pruina mainly on the margins); lower surface dark; apothecia not very common, 3 mm diam, disc brownish to reddish brown; margin entire, often excluded with age. Medulla Pd+ yellow or Pd-.
Portugal: Madeira.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Squamarina-cartilaginea-6230-01 Squamarina cartilaginea (With.) P. James
On basaltic rocks.
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Squamarina-lentigera-7104-01 Squamarina lentigera (Weber) Poelt
On calcareous soil, over mosses.
Thallus rosette-forming; squamules ochre, covered with a white pruina (especially at the margins); margins turned upward; apothecia 1.5-2 mm diam.; margin entire, later almost disappearing. No spot reactions.
Central Europe; Germany; Bavaria: Near Würzburg.
Stereocaulon-dactylophyllum-6934b Stereocaulon dactylophyllum Floerke
On siliceous rocks (Granite).
Thallus consisting of pseudopodetia (up to 4 cm tall); phyllocladia terete, finger-like to coralloid; apothecia common, flat when young, later convex; margin disappearing with age. Thallus K+ yellow, Pd+ orange.
Sweden: Värmland.
Stereocaulon-dactylophyllum-6934a Stereocaulon dactylophyllum Floerke
Stereocaulon-dactylophyllum-7963 Stereocaulon dactylophyllum Floerke
Stereocaulon-evolutum-01 Stereocaulon evolutum Graewe
On acid rocks.
Thallus consisting of pseudopodecia (up to 3 cm tall); phyllocladia are wider than the pseudopodetia, flattend, ± digitate; apothecia rare, brown, margin paler; discs convex, margin disappearing with age. Thallus K+ yellow, KC+ violet, Pd- yellow.
Sweden.
Stereocaulon-pileatum-150311  Stereocaulon pileatum  (Ach.)
On basaltic rocks.
Thallus consisting of persistent, warty granules; pseudopodetia (3-5 mm) with a terminal, globose soralium.
Thallus K+ yellow, C-, KC+ violet, Pd+- yellowish.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Stereocaulon-vesuvianum-150115-04b Stereocaulon vesuvianum Pers.
On basaltic rocks.
Pseudopodetia very variable, unbranched to branched, up to 4 cm tall (in windy environments often forming a cushion-like mass); easy to distinguish from other Stereocaulon species by the shield-like phyllocladia which have swollen margins; the center is concave and darker (grey olive, resembling apothecia; see lower image); sometimes sorediate at the tips of the pseudopodetia. K+ yellow, sometimes red, KC-, Pd+ orange.
Spain; Canary Islands: Lanzarote.
Stereocaulon-vesuvianum-150115-04bb Stereocaulon vesuvianum Pers.
On volcanic rocks.
Spain; Canary Islands: Lanzarote.
Sticta-canariensis-120922 Sticta canariensis (Ach.) Bory ex Nyl.
On mossy barks, soil and rocks (laurisilva).
Lobes green, up to 1 cm wide, elongated and forked dichotomously; without isidia or lobules; often fertile. Spot reactions negative.
Portugal: Madeira.
Sticta-canariensis-8224 Sticta canariensis (Ach.) Bory ex Nyl.
On bark of Laurus spec. (Laurisilva)..
Portugal: madeira
Sticta-canariensis-120925 Sticta canariensis (Ach.) Bory ex Nyl.
(Lower side)
 Sticta canariensis dufourii Madeira Sticta canariensis (Ach.) Bory ex Nyl.
Distribution map.
Portugal; Madeira.
Sticta-dufourii-8204 Sticta dufourii Delise
(morphotype of S. canariensis with cyanobacteria).
On mossy trees and rocks; laurisilva (wet situation). Lobes incised; margins with blue-green isidia (flattened) and small lobules; lower surface pale brown, with an dense tomentum; cyphellae rounded. Spot reactions negative.
Portugal: Madeira.
Sticta fuliginosa 6279 Sticta fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach.
On  deciduous trees (Laurisilva).
Thallus up to 5 cm diam., ± single-lobed; lobes rounded (to 3 cm wide); upper surface with scattered cylindrical to coralloid isidia; lower side brown, with conspicuous, rounded cyphellae; apothecia very rare. Spot reactions negative. (Very similar is S. sylvatica, but the latter has uneven lobe margins and is more-lobed when mature).
Portugal: Madeira.
Sticta-fuliginosa-8218 Sticta fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach.
On mossy barks of deciduous trees (Laurisilva).
Spain; Canary Islands: La Gomera.
Portugal: Madeira.
Sticta-fuliginosa-Apothecium-8190 Sticta fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach.
(Apothecia - very rare).
Sticta-fuliginosa-120925 Sticta fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach.
(Lower side with cyphellae).
Sticta fuliginosa sylvatica Madeira Sticta fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach.
Distribution map.
Portugal; Madeira.
Sticta-latifrons Sticta latifrons A. Rich.
New Zealand.
(Collected by D. Erber).
Sticta-limbata-01 Sticta limbata (Sm.) Ach.
On mossy rocks in humid environments.
Thallus more or less single-lobed; lobe ends edged with blue-grey farinose soredia; lower side tomentose; with sharply delimited, rounded, whitish cyphellae. No spot reactions.
Portugal: Madeira.
Sticta-limbata-02 Sticta limbata (Sm.) Ach.
On Laurus spec.
Portugal: Madeira.
Sticta limbata Madeira Sticta limbata (Sm.) Ach.
Distribution map.
Portugal; Madeira.
Strangospora-pinicola-2762Cezanne Strangospora pinicola (Massal) Koerb.
On deciduous trees.(Herbal material).
Thallus not visible to conspicuous, warty to tubercular. Apothecia very small, 0.2-0.5 mm diameter; disc red brown to blackish brown, soon becoming convex, margin disappearing; epithecium brown; hymenium colourless (55µm); hypothecium pale straw; asci with many asccospores (50-100); ascospores globose, colourless, small (ca. 3-4 µm). No spot reactions.
Central Europe: Germany.
Strangospora pinicola 230910 Ute Strangospora pinicola (Massal) Koerb.
On a deciduous tree.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Coll/ident Ute Windisch
Strangospora pinicola 230910 Ute Mikroskop Strangospora pinicola (Massal) Koerb.
On a deciduous tree.
Microscopic details.
Central Europe; Germany: Hesse.
Coll/ident Ute Windisch