Lichens of Northern Cyprus

  I would like to thank H. Sipman for support concerning the lichen identification. Many thanks to M. Mayrhofer for identification of Rinodina scpecies.
Scale in photos: 1 mm
Nr. 8873: My herbal number
   (Proposals for corrections are desired)
N-Zypern-161219 Map of the lichen collecting region in Northern Cyprus
Alyxoria-varia-8884a  Alyxoria varia  (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler  Nr. 8884
syn. Opegrapha varia
On Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus whitish-grey, smooth to granular;
photobiont Trentepohlia; apothecia stellate,
up to 1.5 mm, sessile, disc exposed, with
a whitish pruina; true exciple raised upon
the dis. Microscopic features see photo.
No spot reactions. UV+ violet.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (picnic area); 10.
Alyxoria-varia-8884c  Alyxoria varia  (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler  Nr. 8884
syn. Opegrapha varia
On Twigs of Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (picnic area); 10.
Alyxoria-varia-8884-Mikroskop  Alyxoria varia  (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler  Nr. 8884
syn. Opegrapha varia.
On Twigs of Cupressus sempervirens.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (picnic area); 10.
thumb Alyxoria varia 8759 Alyxoria varia  (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler  Nr. 8759
syn. Opegrapha varia
On Twigs of Pinus brutia/halepensis..
Southeast Europe; Northern Cyprus;
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Kaplica; close to Kantara Castle; 11.
thumb Alyxoria varia 8847a Alyxoria varia (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler  Nr. 8847
syn. Opegrapha varia
On Pinus halepensis/brutia.
 SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
thumb Alyxoria varia 8847b Alyxoria varia  (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler  Nr. 8847
syn. Opegrapha varia
On Pinus halepensis/brutia.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
thumb Alyxoria varia 8847 Mikroskobbild Alyxoria varia  (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler  Nr. 8847
syn. Opegrapha varia.
Microscopic details.
On Twigs of Cupressus sempervirens.
E of Girne: Besparmak Mountains; 8.
Athallia-pyracea-8765 Athallia pyracea  (Ach.) Arup, Frödén & Søchting Nr. 8765
On bark of Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus often inconspicuous, grey; apothecia up to 4 mm diam., disc orange, plane, but becoming convex when the paler and glossy margin becomes excluded; thalline margin present when young, concolorous with thallus; proper margin visible, little lighter than disc; epithecium orange-brown, 14 µm; hymenium colourless, 35 µm; asci 8-spord; ascospores colourless, polarilocular, 10.5-14.0 x 7.0-8.8 µm, septum wide; hypothecium colourless. Apothecia K+ red.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Gondolar and Armenian Monastery; 5.
Athallia-pyracea-8765-Mikroskop Athallia pyracea  (Ach.) Arup, Frödén & Søchting Nr. 8765
On bark of Cupressus sempervirens.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Gondolar and Armenian Monastery; 5.
Bacidia-rosella-8780-01  Bacidia rosella  (Pers.) De Not.  Nr. 8780
On Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus consisting of small granular microsquamules, pale greyish (to greenish); apothecia up to 1.3 mm diam., disc flat and pruinose when young, convex with age, margin biatorine (with white pruina when young, more brightly than disc, later disappearing; spores needle like (45-56 x 3.5-5.3 µm), often smaller at one end, indistinctly transversally septate, colourless; hypothecium yellowish brown; algae trebouxioid. No spot reactions. 
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
(Ident. A. Aptroot).
Bacidia-rosella-8780-02 Bacidia rosella  (Pers.) De Not.  Nr. 8780
On Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Bacidia-rosella-8780-03 Bacidia rosella  (Pers.) De Not.  Nr. 8780
On Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Bacidia-rosella-8780-04 Bacidia rosella  (Pers.) De Not.  Nr. 8780
On Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Bacidia-rosella-8780-05 Bacidia rosella  (Pers.) De Not.  Nr. 8780
On Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Bacidia-rosella-8780-Sporen Bacidia rosella  (Pers.) De Not.  Nr. 8780
Microscopic details.
On Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Bactrospora-patellarioides-8885a  Bactrospora patellarioides  (Nyl.) Almquist Nr. 8885
On Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus grey (with a brownish tinge); photobiont: Trentepohlia; apotecia up to 1.5 mm diam.; disc black, slightly concave to flat; proper exciple black; excipulum brown (-20 µm); hymenium colourless (-150 µm); hypothecium colourless; paraphyses branched at the tips, there slightly brownish; asci 8-spored (113x13 µm); ascospores colourless, acicular, multicellular (up to 20), strait to slightly curved ((75)80-85(90) x 3.5-4.2(6.7) µm); sometimes fragmenting after release. No spot reactions, UV-.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (picnic area); 10.
Bactrospora-patellarioides-8885c  Bactrospora patellarioides  (Nyl.) Almquist Nr. 8885
On Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (picnic area); 10.

Bactrospora-patellarioides-Mikroskop-8885 		 Bactrospora patellarioides  (Nyl.) Almquist Nr. 8885
On Cupressus sempervirens.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (picnic area); 10.
Buellia-tesserata-151021 Buellia tesserata  Körb. 8793
On limestone.
Thallus thick, areolate, usually surrounded by a black prothallus; apothecia +- immersed in areoles, up to 0.5 mm diam.; apothecial margin lecideine, usually excluded with age; epithecium dark brown; hypothecium light brown; 8 ascospores per ascus, brown, slightly constricted at septum (9.8 - 12.3   x   5.2 - 7.0 µm). Spot reactions negative; UV-.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; S of the ruins of Afendrika (Red Rock); 12.
thumb Buellia 8793a Buellia tesserata  Körb. 8793
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; S of the ruins of Afendrika (Red Rock); 12.
Buellia-8793b Buellia tesserata  Körb. Nr. 8793
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; S of the ruins of Afendrika (Red Rock); 12.
Buellia-Schnitt-8793 Buellia tesserata  Körb. Nr. 8793
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; S of the ruins of Afendrika (Red Rock); 12.
Calogaya-pusilla-8879c Calogaya pusilla (A. Massal.) Arup, Frödén & Søchting  Nr. 8879
On calcareous rocks.
Thallus 1-3 cm diam., rosette-like, margin of small, convex, short lobes, pruinose (difference to C. saxicola). Apothecia (up to 1,5 mm), proper margin existing, surrounded by a thalline margin. Ascospores polarilocular, 13.3-14.4 x 6.3-7.0 µm. Photobiont: Trebouxia. All parts K+ red. 
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Kaplica; Kantara Castle; 11.
Calogaya-pusilla-8879 Calogaya pusilla (A. Massal.) Arup, Frödén & Søchting  Nr. 8879
On calcareous rocks.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Kaplica; Kantara Castle; 11.
Calogaya-pusilla-8879-Asci Calogaya pusilla (A. Massal.) Arup, Frödén & Søchting  Nr. 8879
On calcareous rocks.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Kaplica; Kantara Castle; 11.
thumb Caloplaca-8759 Caloplaca aegatica Giralt, Nimis  Poelt  Nr. 8807
On twigs of Pinus brutia/halepensis.
Thallus grey; apothecia up to 0,7 mm; disc orange covered with granules, flat, brownish and convex when old; margin lecanorine, paler than disc; epithecium brown, granular (14 µm); hymenium colourless (70 µm); 8 ascospores per ascus; ascospores colourless, polarilocular, 10.5-14.0 x 6.3-8.1 µm, septum broad; hypothecium colourless.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (cose to Castle); 10.
Caloplaca-8759b Caloplaca aegatica Giralt, Nimis  Poelt  Nr. 8807
On twigs of Pinus brutia/halepensis.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (cose to Castle); 10.
thumb Caloplaca-8807-alt Caloplaca aegatica Giralt, Nimis  Poelt   Nr. 8807
On twigs of Pinus brutia/halepensis.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (cose to Castle); 10.
thumb Caloplaca spec 8807 Mikroskop Caloplaca aegatica Giralt, Nimis  Poelt  Nr. 8807
On twigs of Pinus brutia/halepensis.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (cose to Castle); 10.
Caloplaca-aegatica-8807-Mikroskop Caloplaca aegatica Giralt, Nimis  Poelt  Nr. 8807
On twigs of Pinus brutia/halepensis.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (cose to Castle); 10.
thumb Caloplaca 8882a Caloplaca aegatica Giralt, Nimis & Poelt Nr. 8882
On Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus grey, cracked; apothecia up to 0.7 mm; disc orange, proper exciple paler than the disc; epithecium orange brown (15 µm); hymenium colourless (50 µm), with some paraphyses containing oil droplets; hypothecium colourless (70 µm); asci Teloschistes type; ascospores colourless, 8 per ascus, ellipsoid, polarilocular (10.9-17.5 x 6.0-7.7 µm), septum broad (4.6-5.9 µm). Thallus K-, apothecial disc K+ red, apothecial margin K-.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (picnic area); 10.
 Caloplaca-aegatica-8882-Mikroskop  Caloplaca aegatica Giralt, Nimis & Poelt Nr. 8882
On Cupressus sempervirens.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (picnic area); 10.
Caloplaca-albopruinosa-8829a  Caloplaca albopruinosa  (Arnold) Olivier  Nr. 8829
On limestone.
Thallus immersed; apothecia (up to 0.5 mm diam.), +- immersed, sunken in depressions of the substratum; disc flat, black (but usually covered with a whitish pruina); margin black (but pruinose also); raised; epithecium grey (K+ violet), ca. 30 µm, with crystals; hymenium (55 µm), colourless; asci 8-spored; ascospores colourless, polarilocular (1-septate), 13-14.4 x 6.7-9.1 µm, septum 2-5 µm; photobiont green. The strong pruina and epithecial crystals separate the species from the very similar C. alociza.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Caloplaca-albopruinosa-8829b  Caloplaca albopruinosa  (Arnold) Olivier  Nr. 8829
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Caloplaca-albopruinosa-8829-Mikroskop  Caloplaca albopruinosa  (Arnold) Olivier  Nr. 8829
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Caloplaca-erythrocarpa-160301a Caloplaca erythrocarpa (Pers.) Zwackh.)
On limestone.
Thallus non sorediate, thick, cracked-areolate, lobed at the margin; prothallus grey to black;  apothecia crowded, subimmersed, confined to central part of the thallus (up to 0.7 mm diam.), disc rust-red, margin biatorine; epithecium brown, granular (15-20 µm); hymenium colourless (100 µm); asci 8-spored; ascospores colourless, polarilocular; hypothecium colourless. Apothecia K+ red, thallus K-.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (cose to Castle); 10.
thumb Caloplaca erythrocarpa 8812a Caloplaca erythrocarpa (Pers.) Zwackh.) Nr. 8812
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
thumb Caloplaca erythrocarpa 8812b Caloplaca erythrocarpa (Pers.) Zwackh. Nr. 8812
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
Caloplaca-erythrocarpa-8812-Mikroskop Caloplaca erythrocarpa (Pers.) Zwackh. Nr. 8812
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
Caloplaca-inconnexa-8813a Caloplaca inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8813
On limestone. Usually parasitic on Circinaria spec..
Thallus yellow-orange, poorly developed, discontinuous, consisting of small areoles or granules; apothecia up to 0,8 mm diam., disc orange, margin paler; epithecium granular, brown-orange, hymenium an hypothecium colourless; ascospores 8 per ascus, colourless, polarilocular, 13.0-15.1 x 6.0-8.1 µm. Apothecial disc K+ purple.
SSE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
 Caloplaca-inconnexa-8813b Caloplaca inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8813
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
 Caloplaca-inconnexa-8813-Mikroskop Caloplaca inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8816
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
Caloplaca inconnexa 8816 Caloplaca inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8816
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
 Caloplaca-8832 Caloplaca inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8832
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
 Caloplaca-8833b Caloplaca inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8833
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
 Caloplaca-8862 Caloplaca inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8862
On limestone.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Caloplaca-8863 Caloplaca inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8863
On limestone.
Thallus parasitic (host looks like Circinaria spec.), consisting of areoles; apothecial margin lecanorine; epithecium orange-brown, 15 µm, POL +; hymenium colourless, 50 µm; asci 8-spored; ascospores colourless, polarilocular (13.3-14.0 x 6.3-9.1 µm), septum wide.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Caloplaca-inconnexa-8863b  Caloplaca inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8863
On limestone.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
thumb Caloplaca 8863 Mikroskop Caloplaca inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8863
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Caloplaca-151017 probably Xanthocarpia interfulgens  (Nyl.) Frödén, Arup & Søchting syn.  Caloplaca i.
On calcareous rocks. (Not collected).
 SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Caloplaca-8769aa Caloplaca patellaria (nom. ined.)   Nr. 8769
On calcareous rocks.
Thallus whitish-grey (see lowest photo --> algal layer) covered with a thick pruina; apothecia up to 1.3 mm; disc flat to slightly concave; margin biatorine; epithecium orange-brown, covered with granules; hypothecium hyaline; spores colourless, polarilocular, 16.8-18.6 x 7.0-7.4 µm, septum 3.5-4.5 µm. Apothecia K+ red, C+ purple (with chlorinated anthrachinones; see photo no. 3).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
  After a genetical analysis by Ulf Arup (Sweden) it seems to be a species close to Caloplaca aetnenis. Unfortunately the amount of material is limited to one finding place only. In order to present convincing data for a new species it needs more material.
Jan Vondrak gave it a provisional name "Caloplaca patellifera". He knows it from Turkey, Greece and Italy.
I have taken over this preliminary title.
  For comparison: Description of C. aetnensis B. d. Lesd. in: Lagascalia 19(1-2): 491-494 (1997). Loppi, Mauro, Mariotti & Putorti: Typification of some poorly-known Caloplaca species (Teloschistacea, Lichenes) described by Bouly de Lesdain.
Thallus whitish, rugulose-crenulate, K-. Apothecia lecanorine, sessile, sometimes confluent, irregularly rounded, (0.5) 1-1.5 mm across, K+ violet-red. Proper margin orange, paler than the disc. Thalline margin prominent in young apothecia, crenulate. Disc rust-red, almost plane at firts, later to very convex. Epithecium yellowish-brownish, granular inspersed, 10-45 µm thick, K+ purple. Hymenium hyaline, 74-135 µm high, J+ blue. Hypothecium colourless, 55-95µm thick. Hypothecium and lower part of the Hymenium with some oil droplets. Paraphyses articulate, simple or sometimes branched, broader at tip. Ascospores polaribilocular, 16-18 x 7.5-10 µm. Septum 5 µm.
Caloplaca-8769b Caloplaca patellaria (nom. ined.)   Nr. 8769
On calcareous rocks.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Caloplaca-C-8769 Caloplaca patellaria (nom ined.)   Nr. 8769
On calcareous rocks.
Applicatio with C.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Caloplaca-Sporen-8769a Caloplaca patellaria (nom. ined.)   Nr. 8769
On calcareous rocks.
Microscopic details: Ascospores.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Caloplaca-Ap-Rand-8769 Caloplaca patellaria (nom. ined.)   Nr. 8769
On calcareous rocks.
Microscopic details: Apothecial margin, disc and hymenium.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Caloplaca-8769-Thallus Caloplaca patellaria (nom. ined.)   Nr. 8769
On calcareous rocks.
Thallus section.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
 Kruste 8816a  Catillaria chalybeia  (Borrer) Massal.  Nr. 8816
On limestone.
Thallus brown, thin, slightly areolate; apothecia dark bown to black, small (up to 0.4 mm diam.); disc flat, margin lecideine, smooth, persistent; epithecium blackish; granuar (the ends of some paraphyses are globose; they form the epitecial granules); hymenium colourless (28-35 µm); hypothecium pale brown (10 µm); the asci (35x10 µm) are 8-spored; ascospores colourless, 2-septate (7.7-11.2 x 2.8-4.2 µm); photobiont green.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
 Kruste 8816b  Catillaria chalybeia  (Borrer) Massal.Nr. 8816
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
 Kruste 8816 Mikroskop  Catillaria chalybeia  (Borrer) Massal.Nr. 8816
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
thumb Circinaria-contorta-151022 Circinaria calcarea (L.) Nordin, Savic & Tibell
On limestone. (Not collected)
Thallus cracked-areolate, chalky-white; upper surface scurfy; apothecia in the center of an areole, up to 1 mm diam., immersed, disc black, rarely pruinose, margin slightly elevated. No spot reactions.
Southeast Europe; N-Cyprus: Ruins of Salamis.
(Ident. A. Aptroot).
Circinaria-calcarea-151017 Circinaria calcarea (L.) Nordin, Savic & Tibell
On limestone. (Not collected)
Thallus cracked-areolate, chalky-white; upper surface scurfy; apothecia in the center of an areole, up to 1 mm diam., immersed, disc black, rarely pruinose, margin slightly elevated. No spot reactions.
SSE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Antiphonitis Monastery; 9.
(Ident. A. Aptroot).
Circinaria-calcarea-8813a Circinaria calcarea (L.) Nordin, Savic & Tibell  Nr. 8813
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surrounding); 3.
Circinaria-calcarea-8872 Circinaria calcarea (L.) Nordin, Savic & Tibell  Nr. 8872
On limestone.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (close to Castle); 10.
Cladonia-convoluta-151016 Cladonia convoluta (Lam.) Anders
On calcareous soil.
Thallus usually without podetia, consisting of basal squamules (margins recurved when dry, showing the slightly yellowish underside), upper surface of the squamules grey-green. Thallus K-, C-, KC+ yellow Pd+ red (medulla).
SSE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Cladonia-convoluta-8754 Cladonia convoluta (Lam.) Anders Nr. 8754
On calcareous soil.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle; 10.
Cladonia-convoluta-8836 Cladonia convoluta (Lam.) Anders  Nr. 8836
On calcareous soil.
Thallus usually without podetia, consisting of basal squamules (margins recurved when dry, showing the yellowish underside), with few marginal tufts of rhizines; upper surface of the squamules grey-green; apothecia very rare, brown on scyphus rims. Thallus K-, C-, KC+ yellow (usnic acid), Pd+ red.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Cladonia-convoluta-8836a Cladonia convoluta (Lam.) Anders  Nr. 8836
On calcareous soil.
SSE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Cladonia-pocillum-8767a Cladonia pyxidata subsp. pocillum  (Ach.) Dahl  Nr. 8767
On calcareous soil.
Thallus without soredia, consisting of a rosette of small and overlapping basal squamules; squamules adpressed, small and poorly intended; podetia up to 15 mm, surface granular to warted (also in the cups); cups wide. Thallus Pd+ red (see lower photo).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Cladonia-pyxidata-pocillum-8795 Cladonia pyxidata subsp. pocillum  (Ach.) Dahl  Nr. 8756
On calcareous soil.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle; 10.
 Cladonia-pyxidata-pocillum-8767 Cladonia pyxidata subsp. pocillum  (Ach.) Dahl  Nr. 8767
On calcareous soil.
Pd+ red.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Cladonia pyxidata subsp pocillum 8819   Cladonia  pyxidata subsp. pocillum (Ach.) Dahl  Nr. 8819
On calcareous soil.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
Cladonia-rangiformis-8834a Cladonia rangiformis  Hoffm.  Nr. 8834
On calcareous soil.
Thallus K+ yellow, Pd + reddish (tips of the Podetia; see lowest photo).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Cladonia-rangiformis-8755a Cladonia rangiformis  Hoffm.  Nr. 8755
On calcareous soil.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle; 10.
Cladonia-rangiformis-8755b Cladonia rangiformis  Hoffm.  Nr. 8755
On calcareous soil.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle; 10.
 Krustenflechte-8830-00 Clauzadea monticola  (Ach.) Haf. & Bellem Nr. 8830
On limestone.
Thallus up to 4 cm diam.; apothecia sessile, up to 0.8 mm diam.; disc flat; margin lecideine, permanent; epithecium brown (up to 15 µm); Hymenium colourless (- 80 µm); asci 8-spored; ascospores simple, colourless, 11.6 - 14.0  x  6.0 - 7.4 µm), with a perispore (?); hypothecium brown (-20 µm). POL -.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
 Krustenflechte-8830 Clauzadea monticola  (Ach.) Haf. & Bellem Nr. 8830
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
 Krustenflechte-8830-Mikroskop Clauzadea monticola  (Ach.) Haf. & Bellem Nr. 8830
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
 Krustenflechte-8865c Clauzadea monticola  (Schaerer) Haf. & Bellem Nr. 8865
On limestone.
Thallus +- areolate; apothecia  up to mm diam.; disc flat, dark brown-black, +- pruinose; margin lecideine; ascospores colourless, simple, with a gelatinuous perispore (?), 10.5-14.0 x x5.3-8.8 µm; 8 per ascus; epithecium brown (10 µm); hymenium colourless (55 µm); hypothecium brown (18 µm). Thallus/apothecia K-, Pd-.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Antiphonitis Monastery; 9.
 Krustenflechte-8865-Mikroskop Clauzadea monticola  (Ach.) Haf. & Bellem Nr. 8865
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Antiphonitis Monastery; 9.
Collema-8823a Collema cristatum  (L.) Weber ex Wigg. Nr. 8823
On limestone.
Thallus greenish-blackish; lobes thin, concave, ends incised, with small lobules; apothecia up to 5 mm; margins crenulate. Spot reactions negative.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Collema-8823b Collema cristatum  (L.) Weber ex Wigg. Nr. 8823
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Collema-8823c Collema cristatum  (L.) Weber ex Wigg. Nr. 8823
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Collema-8825 Collema cristatum  (L.) Weber ex Wigg. Nr. 8825
On limestone.
Thallus greenish-blackish; lobes thin, concave, ends incised, with small globose isidia - marginal and laminal (see lower image); apothecia up to 5 mm; margins crenulate or with globose isidia. Spot reactions negative.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Collema-8825c Collema cristatum  (L.) Weber ex Wigg. Nr. 8825
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Collema-tenax-8757 Collema tenax  (Sw.) Ach. em. Degel.  Nr. 8757
On limestone.
Thallus blackish; lobes erect, strongly swollen when wet (espicially on the ascending margins); apothecia frequent. No spot reactions.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle; 10.
thumb Arthonia-cinnabarina-8759 Coniocarpon cinnabarinum (DC.) Wallr.  syn. Arthonia cinnabarina  Nr. 8808
On twigs of Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus without soralia/isidia; sometimes with orange spots (Trentepohlia); apothecia +- rounded, disc pruinose, rim orange. 
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (close to Castle); 10.
Coniocarpon-cinnabarinum-8759b Coniocarpon cinnabarinum (DC.) Wallr.  syn. Arthonia cinnabarina  Nr. 8808
On twigs of Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (close to Castle); 10.
Diploica canescens 160301a Diploicia canescens (Dicks.) Massal.  160301
On calcareous rocks.
Thallus rosette forming, up to 5 cm diam., center darker; outer lobes radiating, becoming wider to the tips, convex, pruinose at the tips; with green to grey coarse soralia (mainly in the center). Thallus K+ yellow, C-, KC-, Pd+- yellowish.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Kaplica; Kantara Castle; 11.
thumb Diploica-canescens-8783b Diploicia canescens (Dicks.) Massal.  Nr. 8783
On calcareous rocks.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
thumb Diploica-canescens-8783c Diploicia canescens  (Dicks.) Massal.  Nr. 8783
On calcareous rocks.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
thumb Diplotomma alboatrum hedinii 151022 Diplotomma hedinii  (Magn.) Clerc & Roux
On limestone. (Not collected).
Thallus rimose-cracked; apothecia up to 1 mm diam., disc dark, often slightly pruinose, margin lecanorine. No spot reactions. Both species are distinguished by the different septation of the ascospores.
SE Europe; NE-Cyprus; ruins of Salamis.

Diplotomma-pharcidium-8848 		 Diplotomma pharcidium  (Ach.) Choisy Nr. 8848
On Pinus halepensis/brutia.
Thallus continuous or rimose; apothecia - 0.7 mm diam.; disc flat; margin continuous; Epithecium brown (20 µm); hymenium pale (55 µm); asci leconorine, 8-spored; paraphyses simple; hypothecium brown; ascospores brown, sometimes slightly curved, 3-septate to submuriform; photobiont chlorococcoid. Spot reactions negative.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Diplotomma-pharcidium-Mikroskop-8848  Diplotomma pharcidium  (Ach.) Choisy Nr. 8848
On Pinus halepensis/brutia.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Dirina-ceratoniae-8764a Dirina ceratoniae  (Ach.) Fr.  Nr. 8764
On Cupressus spec.
Thallus grey; with Trentepohlia (see lower image); apothecia up to 1,5, mm diam., disc flat, dark, covered by a white pruina, margin lecanorine, hypothecium dark brown; ascospores spindle-like, slightly curved, 3-septate (28-35 x 6,3-7 µm), colourless. Thallus K +- (yellowish), KC-, Pd-; apothecial disc and medulla K-, C+ rose-red, KC +- yellowish, Pd-. 
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
(Ident. P. Dornes).
Dirina-ceratoniae-8764b Dirina ceratoniae  (Ach.) Fr.  Nr. 8764
On Cupressus spec.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
(Ident. P. Dornes).
Dirina cretacea-8878 Dirina cretacea  (Zahlbr.) Theler  Nr. 8878
On limestone.
Thallus continuous or with a few cracks, grey, with Trentepohlia; apothecia grouped together,  sessile, up to 2 mm diam.; disc slightly convex, black but covered by a white pruina; thalline exiple persistent. Medulla C+ red.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Kaplica; Kantara Castle; 11.
Dirina cretacea-8878a Dirina cretacea  (Zahlbr.) Theler  Nr. 8878
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Kaplica; Kantara Castle; 11.
Dirina massiliense-8784a  Dirina massiliensis  Durieu & Mont.  Nr. 8784
On limestone.
Thallus thick, +- smooth, continuous, pruinose; soralia whitish, delimited; apothecia up to 3 mm diam.; disc pruinose; margin concolorous with thallus; epithecium brown, 20 µm; hymenium colourless, 120 µm; ascospores 3-septate, colourless (21-26.3 x7-7.7 µm). Thallus K-, C+ red, KC+ red, Pd-.
 SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Dirina massiliense-8784b Dirina massiliensis  Durieu & Mont.  Nr. 8784
On limestone.
 SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Dirina-massiliensis-8784-Mikroskop Dirina massiliensis  Durieu & Mont.  Nr. 8784
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
 SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Dirina-stenhammari-8810 Dirina massiliensis   Durieu & Mont. f. sorediata  Nr. 8810
On calcareous rocks.
Thallus warty areolate, with Trentepohlia and a black prothallus; sorediate, soredia usually paler than the thallus; apothecia not seen (very rare). Thallus C+ red; medulla UV+ glaucous.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; S of the ruins of Afendrika (Red Rock); 12.
Dirina-stenhammari-8810c Dirina massiliensis   Durieu & Mont. f. sorediata  Nr. 8810
On calcareous rocks.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; S of the ruins of Afendrika (Red Rock); 12.
Gyalolechia-fulgida-8868a Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup  Nr. 8868
On limestone at a steep north-east exposed rock.
Thallus up to 6 cm diam., strongly pruinose; marginal squamules conspicuous (up to 1 mm wide), usually not overlapping; without schizidia; apothecia up to 1.5 mm diam.; disc flat to slightly convex, not pruinose; margin persistent, paler than the disc; ascospores colourless,  1-celled, pyriform (14-16,8 x 7-7,4 µm). Thallus and apothecia K+ red.
The extreme shadowish finding place may be the reason why the colour is untypical (Usnea-green instead of yellow-orange).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SW of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; St. Hilarion Castle; 1.
Gyalolechia-fulgida-8868b Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup  Nr. 8868
On limestone (shadowish).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SW of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; St. Hilarion Castle; 1.
Gyalolechia-fulgida-8868c Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup  Nr. 8868
On limestone (shadowish).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SW of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; St. Hilarion Castle; 1.
Gyalolechia-fulgida-8868d  Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup  Nr. 8868
On limestone (shadowish).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SW of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; St. Hilarion Castle; 1.
Gyalolechia-fulgida-8868e-UV-365nm Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup  Nr. 8868
On limestone.
UV 365 nm +.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SW of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; St. Hilarion Castle; 1.
Gyalolechia-fulgida-8868f Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup  Nr. 8868
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SW of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; St. Hilarion Castle; 1.
Gyalolechia-fulgida-8868g-POL Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup  Nr. 8868
On limestone.
Microscopic details: Polarized light +.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SW of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; St. Hilarion Castle; 1.
Gyalolechia-fulgida-8868h-Mikroskop Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup  Nr. 8868
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SW of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; St. Hilarion Castle; 1.
thumb Fulgensia-bracteata-8770 Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup   Nr. 8770
On limestone.
Marginal squamules conspicuous (up to 1 mm wide), continuous (not dispersed into scales); without schizidia; apothecia up to 1.5 mm diam.; ascospores colourless,  1-celled, pyriform (14-16,8 x 7-7,4 µm). Thallus K+ red.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Gyalolechia-fulgida-8770b Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup   Nr. 8770
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Gyalolechia-fulgida-8770c Gyalolechia fulgida  (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup   Nr. 8770
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
thumb Fulgensi-bracteata-Schnitt-8770  Gyalolechia fulgida (Nyl.) Söchting, Fröden & Arup   Nr. 8770
On limestone.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
thumb Fulgensia-bracteata-8787 Gyalolechia subbracteata   (Nyl.) Søchting, Frödén & Arup  Nr. 8787
On calcareous soil.
Thallus clearly lobate at the margins (but lobes shorter and more adnate than at G. fulgens), usually without apothecia; the similar G. bracteata is not lobate and has usually many apothecia); with many scaly schizidia (see lower photo). Thallus K+ red.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Antiphonitis Monastery; 9.
Gyalolechia subbracteata 8787 Mikroskop Gyalolechia subbracteata   (Nyl.) Søchting, Frödén & Arup  Nr. 8787
On calcareous soil.
Microscopic detail.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Antiphonitis Monastery; 9.
thumb Gyalolechia-subbracteata-8771a Gyalolechia subbracteata  (Nyl.) Søchting, Frödén & Arup  syn. Fulgensia s.   Nr. 8771
On calcareous soil.
Thallus clearly lobate at the margins (but lobes shorter and more adnate than at G. fulgens), usually without apothecia; the similar G. bracteata is not lobate and has usually many apothecia); with many scaly schizidia (see lower photo). Thallus K+ red.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
thumb Gyalolechia-subbracteata-Schizidien-8771 Gyalolechia subbracteata  (Nyl.) Søchting, Frödén & Arup   Nr. 8771
Schizidia (?).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Gyalolechia subbracteata 8817 Gyalolechia subbracteata  (Nyl.) Søchting, Frödén & Arup   Nr. 8817
Schizidia (?).
On limestone between mosses.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
Lecania-naegelii-8847b Lecania naegelii  (Hepp) Diederich & van den Boom Nr. 8847
On Pinus halepensis/brutia.
Thallus grey, inconspicuous; apothecia up to 0.7 mm  diam., never pruinose (L. fuscella); thalline exciple absent; epithecium green-grey (10 µm); hymenium pale brownish (55-70 µm); paraphyses not anastomosing; asci 8-spored (L. fuscella: 8-16); ascospores hyaline, often curved, 3-septate when mature (16.8-20.3 x 4.6-7.0 µm).
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Lecania-naegelii-8847 Lecania naegelii  (Hepp) Diederich & van den Boom Nr. 8847
On Pinus halepensis/brutia.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Lecania-naegelii-Mikroskop-8847 Lecania naegelii  (Hepp) Diederich & van den Boom Nr. 8847
On Pinus halepensis/brutia.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
thumb Lecanora allophana 8765 Lecanora chlarotera  Nyl.  Nr. 8765
On Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus whitish-grey, epruinose, warty, ecorticate, not sorediate; algae chlorococcoid; apothecia up to 1.5 mm diam., disc +- flat, pale brown, epruinose, margin bent over the disc; epithecium brown, 10 µm, hymenium colourless, 45 µm; spores: 8/ascus, 13.0-17.9 x 7.4-9.8 µm, colourless; hypothecium colourless; big crystals in apothecial margin and medulla, POL+. Thallus and apothecia K+- yellowish (very faint), C-, KC-, Pd-.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
thumb Lecanora 8765 Mikroskop Lecanora chlarotera  Nyl. Nr. 8765
On Cupressus sempervirens.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5. 
Lecanora-chlarotera-8850  Lecanora chlarotera  Nyl. Nr. 8850
On Pinus brutia/halepensis.
Thallus whitish; apothecia sessile, up to 0.7 mm diam.; disc +- flat, pale brown to greenish brown, epruinose; margin lecanorine, persistent, +- smooth; medulla of the margin with large crystals (POL+);  epithecium brown, 14 µm, covered with small granules (POL+); Hymenium colourless, 55 µm; hypothecium colourless, 70 µm; asci 8-spored; ascospores colurless, simple, 12.3-16.5 x 7.7-10.5 µm. Together with Lecidella elaeochroma  (Ach.) Choisy
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8. 
Lecanora-chlarotera-8850-Mikroskop Lecanora chlarotera  Nyl. Nr. 8850
On Pinus brutia/halepensis.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Lecanora-8858 Lecanora chlarotera  Nyl. (?)  Nr. 8858
On Cupressus sempervirens.
S SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
thumb Lecanora 8816 Lecanora dispersa  (Pers.) Sommerf.  Nr. 8815
On limestone.
Thallus inconspicuous; apothecia small (up to 0.5 mm), slightly constrictes at base; margin prominent, entire, persistent, pruinose or not; disc flat, green-brown, epruinose. Apothecial margin K-, C-, KC-, Pd+ orange (inner side; see lower photo), UV-.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
Lecanora dispersa Ap 8816  Lecanora dispersa  (Pers.) Sommerf.  Nr. 8815
On limestone.
Inner side of apothecial margin Pd+ orange (L. semipallida Pd-).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.
Lecanora-8766

Lecanora horiza  (Ach.) Linds.  Nr. 8766
On Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus yellowish-whitish; apothecia up to 0.8 mm; disc convex; hypothecium colourless; epithecium brown; paraphyses not anastomosing; 8 ascospores per ascus, single-celled, colourless, oval (12.3-15 x 7.7-8.8 µm). Thallus K+ yellow, C-, P-; disc C-; apothecial margin K-. Below the hypothecium crystals (luminous in polarized light).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Lecanora-8766-Schnitt Lecanora horiza (Ach.) Linds.  Nr. 8766
On Cupressus sepervirens.
Microscopic details.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Lecanora-horiza-8847 Lecanora horiza  (Ach.) Linds. Nr. 8847
On Pinus halepensis/brutia.
Thallus greyish-whitish; apothecia up to 0.8 mm (joung); disc concave; epithecium pale brownish (18 µm); hypothecium colourless (70 µm); hypothecium colourless (85 µm); paraphyses not anastomosing; 8 ascospores per ascus, single-celled, colourless, oval (16.1-17.5 x 7.4-8.8 µm).
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8. 
Lecanora-horiza-8847-Mikroskop Lecanora horiza  (Ach.) Linds. Nr. 8847
On Pinus halepensis/brutia.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Lecanora-8856 Lecanora horiza  (Ach.) Linds. Nr. 8856
On Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8. 
Lecanora-8883a Lecanora horiza (Ach.) Linds. Nr. 8883
On Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle (close to Castle); 10.
Lecanora-muralis-151022 Lecanora muralis (Schreb.) Rabenh.
On calcareous walls (synanthropic). (Not collected).
Thallus large (up to 10 cm diam.), forming regular rosettes (looking like a spat out chewing gum), becoming uneven when old; marginal squamules flat to concave; with many apothecia in the center. Cortex K-, C-, KC+ yellowish, Pd+ yellowish (or -).
Southeast Europe; N-Cyprus; ruins of Salamis.
Lecidella-elaeochroma-8774 Lecidella elaeochroma  (Ach.) Choisy  Nr. 8774
Corticolous; on deciduous trees.
Thallus grey, granular, esorediate; apothecia up to 1 mm, disc black, surrounded by a black margin (disappearing when the disc becomes convex); epithecium blue-green, 20 µm, POL+; hymenium colourless, 70 µm; ascospores colourless, simple, 13.3-16.1 x 7.4-10.5 µm; hypothecium colourless, 35-70 µm (lower part brown). Cortex C+ orange.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8. 
Lecidella-elaeochroma-8850-Mikroskop Lecidella elaeochroma  (Ach.) Choisy  Nr. 8850
Corticolous; on deciduous trees.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8. 
Lepraria-isidiata-8867a Lepraria isidiata  (Llimona) Llimona & Crespo  Nr. 8867
On calcareous soil/strongly weathered limestone.
Thallus +- placodioid, forming rosettes (up to 8 cm diam.), without cortex, with ellipsoid isidioid granules, between 0.3-0.7 mm diam. (see lower photo). No spot reactions (K-, C-, KC-, Pd-).
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Antiphonitis Monastery; 9.
Lepraria-isidiata-8867b Lepraria isidiata  (Llimona) Llimona & Crespo Nr. 8867
On calcareous soil/strongly weathered limestone.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Antiphonitis Monastery; 9.
Lepraria-8849 Lepraria spec.   Nr. 8849
On Pinus halepensis/brutia.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8. 
Kruste-8828 Lobothallia radiosa  (Hoffm.) Hafellner  Nr. 8828
On limestone.
Thallus areolate in the center, placodioid at margin; pruinose; apothecia crowded in the center (1-3 per areole), immersed when young, disc black, flat, margin persistent.Thallus K+ yellow --> red, Pd+ yellow-orange.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Lobothallia radiosa 8815 Lobothallia radiosa  (Hoffm.) Hafellner  Nr. 8815
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surroundings); 3.

Neocatapyrenium-rhizinosum-8886a  Neocatapyrenium rhizinosum  (Müll. Arg.) Breuss  Nr. 8886  syn. Placidium rhizinosum (Müll. Arg.) Szatala
On calcareous soil.
Thallus consisting of adpressed squamules, up to 5 mm in diameter, 0.2 mm thick; upper surface fawn, with brownish to blackish perithecia, margin often black; lower surface black, with black rhizines; rhizines thick (up to 0.4 mm), one per squamule often long (up to 20 mm; see lowest photo); ascospores not existent. No spot reactions.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Neocatapyrenium-rhizinosum-8886b  Neocatapyrenium rhizinosum  (Müll. Arg.) Breuss  Nr. 8886
On calcareous soil.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Neocatapyrenium-rhizinosum-8886d  Neocatapyrenium rhizinosum  (Müll. Arg.) Breuss  Nr. 8886
On calcareous soil.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Neocatapyrenium-rhizinosum-8886c  Neocatapyrenium rhizinosum  (Müll. Arg.) Breuss  Nr. 8886
On calcareous soil.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; SE of Beylerbeyi (Bellapais); 2.
Parmelina-tiliacea-8844a Parmelina tiliacea (Hoffm.) Hale  Nr. 8844
Corticolous; on Pinus brutia/halepensis.
Thallus smooth; lobes rounded; upper surface with globose (when young) to cylindrical or coralloid isidia with brown apices. Medulla K-, C+ red, Pd-.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Parmelina-tiliacea-8844b Parmelina tiliacea (Hoffm.) Hale  Nr. 8844
Corticolous; on Pinus brutia/halepensis.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8. 
thumb Pertusaria caesioalba 8779a
Pertusaria rhodiensis Erichsen  Nr. 8779
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus crustose, warty; apothecia immersed in fertile warts (up to 1.3 mm diam.); disc black,  covered with coarse, powdery granules (resembling soralia); 1(-2) ascospores per ascus, simple, colourless, inner layer of the wall often with many concentric lines (see lower photo); size: 123-150 x 56-81 µm. Thallus K+ orange-red; KC+ red (more intense); Pd+ yellow-orange. (Identyfied bei TLC: Sipman).
S SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Pertusaria-caesioalba-8779-Mikroskop Pertusaria rhodiensis Erichsen  Nr. 8779
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Microscopic details.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Pertusaria-caesioalba-8779b Pertusaria rhodiensis Erichsen  Nr. 8779
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Application with K and Pd.
(The similar P. caesioalba and P. ophthalmiza are characterized by negative spot test reactions).
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Pertusaria-pertusa-8775 Pertusaria pertusa  (Weigel) Tuck.  Nr. 8775
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus grey-green to grey, weakly shiny, uneven to warty; apothecia numerous, one to several in semiglobose warts (0.8-2 mm), walls steep, disc pointed, black; ascospores non-septate 120-180 x 46-68µm, wall thick (10,5 µm). Cortex K± yellowish, C-, Pd-; medulla K+ yellow, C-, Pd+ orange-red.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8. 
Physcia-adscendens-8855  Physcia adscendens  Oliv.  Nr. 8855
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Lobes with marginal cilia; lobe ends raised, helmet-like (difference to P. tenella); soralia on the lower side of the helmets; upper surface with pseudocyphellae (better visible when wet). Cortex K+ yellow, medulla K-.
 SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Physcia-biziana-8761a
Physcia biziana  (Massal.) Zahlbr.  Nr. 8761
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Lobes without marginal cilia, ca. 3 mm, strongly pruinose, widening at the tips; apothecia common; +- stalked, disc black, pruinose, margin turned inwards. Cortex K+ yellow, Pd-; medulla K-.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
(Ident. A. Aptroot).
 
Physcia-biziana-8761b Physcia biziana (Massal.) Zahlbr.  Nr. 8761
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Physcia-biziana-Ap-8761 Physcia biziana (Massal.) Zahlbr. Nr. 8761
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Physcia-8857b Physcia tenella  (Scop.) DC.  Nr. 8857
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Lobes loosely adpressed, +- linear, up to 0.5 mm wide; lip-shaped soralia on the tips, granular; without marginal cilia (!); underside whitish, channeled, with few, simple rhizines. Cortex and medulla : K-, KC-, Pd-.
 SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Physcia-8857c Physcia tenella   (Scop.) DC.  Nr. 8857
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
 SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Physcia-8857d Physcia tenella   (Scop.) DC. Nr. 8857
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Lower side.
 SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Physciella-chloantha-8859a Physciella chloantha  (Ach.) Essl.  Nr. 8859
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Thallus  up to 3-4 cm diam.; lobes +- rounded, 0.5-1.5 mm wide; with lip-shaped marginal and laminal soralia: soredia granular; axils between lobes often rounded; lower surface whitish, with many concolorous rhizines. No spot reactions.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Physciella-chloantha-8859b Physciella chloantha  (Ach.) Essl.  Nr. 8859
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Physciella-chloantha-8859c Physciella chloantha  (Ach.) Essl.  Nr. 8859
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Physciella-chloantha-8859d Physciella chloantha  (Ach.) Essl.  Nr. 8859
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Lower side with rhizines.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Physconia-grisea-8762b Physconia grisea (Lam.) Poelt  Nr. 8762
Corticolous; on Cupressus sempervirens.
Lobe ends with white pruina; granular soralia marginal; rhizines simple; medulla K-.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Girne Kayasi and Armenian Monastery (Sourp Margar); 5.
Placidium-squamulosum-8794 Placidium squamulosum  (Ach.) Breuss  Nr. 8794
On calcareous soil.
Squamules brown, rounded, up to 3 mm diam., epruinose, without fine white hairs; medulla of globular cells; pycnidia laminal, immersed (mouths as black dots visible). Together with Psora decipiens.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; SW of the ruins of Afendrika; 12.
Placidium-squamulosum-8788 Placidium squamulosum  (Ach.) Breuss  Nr. 8788
On calcareous soil.
Squamules without pycnidia (young). Together with Psora decipiens.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Alevkaya and Antiphonitis Monastery; 8.
Placopyrenium fuscellum 8815a Placopyrenium fuscellum   (Turner) Gueidan & Roux   Nr. 8815
syn. Verrucaria fuscella  (Turner) Winch & Thornhill
On limestone.
Thallus consisting of thick, greyish areoles (up to 1.5x0.8 mm) , covered by a white pruina, often forming small patches between  Verrucaria nigrescens (parasitic on that species when young); thallus cracked in several units with age; a black prothallus is visible between the areoles; upper surface becoming divided by dark lines; perithecia fully immersed in the areoles (usually several per areole).
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surrounding); 3.
Placopyrenium fuscellum 8815b Placopyrenium fuscellum   (Turner) Gueidan & Roux   Nr. 8815
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surrounding); 3.
Placopyrenium fuscellum 8815c Placopyrenium fuscellum   (Turner) Gueidan & Roux   Nr. 8815
On limestone.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Buffavento Castle (and surrounding); 3.
Psora-decipiens-8794 Psora decipiens  (Hedw.) Hoffm. Nr. 8794
On calcareous soil.
Thallus consists of brownish to pale pinkish squamules; squamules scattered or overlapping, up to 4 mm; margins often upturned, white-pruinose; lower side white; apothecia up to 1.5 mm; disc black, margin paler, often pruinose, disappearing when old; usually only one apothecium per squamule (marginal). No spot reactions.
SE-Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Karpaz Peninsula; NE of Dipkarpaz; SW of the ruins of Afendrika; 12.
Psora-decipiens-8788 Psora decipiens  (Hedw.) Hoffm. Nr. 8788
On calcareous soil.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Antiphonitis Monastery; 9.
thumb Caloplaca-variabilis-151017 Pyrenodesmia variabilis (Pers.) A. Massal.  syn. Caloplaca v.  Nr. 8864
On limestone.
Thallus grey-brown, areolate; prothallus dark; apothecia up to 1 mm diam., margin greyish-bluish, pruinose, disc black, +- flat. No spot reactions. 
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Antiphonitis Monastery; 9.
(Ident. A. Aptroot).
Caloplaca-variabilis-8864 Pyrenodesmia variabilis (Pers.) A. Massal.  syn. Caloplaca v.  Nr. 8864
On limestone.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SE of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; Antiphonitis Monastery; 9.
(Ident. A. Aptroot).
Ramalina-canariensis-151014 Ramalina canariensis   Steiner Nr. 8753
On branches of Cistus spec.
Thallus consists of one or few laciniae/branches (-9 mm broad), hollow in older parts; soralia sub-terminal, often in helmet-shaped vesicles, emerging on inside surfaces of the lobes (resembles Physcia aipolia; difference to R. lacera), or lateral (usually near branch ends). Thallus K-, KC- Pd-; UV: Soralia and medulla white.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle; 10.
Ramalina-canariensis-8753 Ramalina canariensis  Steiner Nr. 8753
On branches of Cistus spec.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle; 10.
Ramalina-canariensis-8753b Ramalina canariensis  Steiner Nr. 8753
On branches of Cistus spec.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; E of Girne; Beşparmak Mountains; between Kantara Village and Kantara Castle; 10.
Ramalina farinacea 8870a Ramalina farinacea  (L.) Ach.  Nr. 8870
On Pinus brutia/halepensis.
Thallus branches rather narrow (up to 3 mm wide, up to 5 cm long); upper and lower surface of the same colour and shape; soralia disc like to oval, along the margins of the branches. Soralia often P+ red.
SE Europe; N-Cyprus; SW of Girne; Beş